SCC Volume 2.1. We are told about a 6th mass extinction of species and disappearance of the biological diversity. Facts contradict these claims. We know only a few species going extinct since 1500. The extinction rate is going down. All…
SCC Volume 2.1. The popular news media have in recent years been deluged with stories claiming that the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is severely damaged and has a very poor outlook for the future. Major threats to the reef supposedly…
SCC Volume 2.1. 1. IntroductionHerring periods and cod periods along the Norwegian coast have been known for more than 1000 years. Periods of growth in the fisheries, have formed the basis for settlement, industrialization, economic growth, and wealth. Periods, when…
SCC Volume 2.1. To figure out what is driving the climate change it is vital to observe long climate series. In this contribution I will report about data collection and analysis of a climate series covering the position of the…
SCC Volume 2.1. We can divide the land climate in two categories: the continental climate with warm summers and cold winters, and the maritime climate with cool summers and mild winters. This is a report of a project where we…
SCC Volume 2.1. Outlining a few past geological events is useful to clarify the overall importance of climatic variations, and to place our perception of modern changes in a broader context. During an interglacial-glacial cycle, lasting for about 100 ka…
SCC Volume 2.1. The term “cryosphere” refers to the frozen water regions on the Earth: e.g., glaciers, snowcovered regions, sea ice and permafrost regions. Glaciologists define an “ice age” for the Earth as periods where permanent ice sheets are present…
SCC Volume 2.1. This talk is devoted to the science of the Oceans with special reference to the Gulf Stream Beat. Forcing of the ocean circulation system is controlled by the planetary beat on the Sun, Moon, and the Earth.…