Articles

  • Frans J. Schrijver: Impact of global greening on the natural atmospheric CO₂ level

    In this study we investigate the impact of greening on the Earth in terms of gross primary production (GPP) on the natural atmospheric CO₂ level. The total mass of CO₂ in the atmosphere is equal to the yearly amount of CO₂ that leaves the atmosphere (down flux), multiplied by the average time CO₂ remains in…

  • Demetris Koutsoyiannis: Relative importance of carbon dioxide and water in the greenhouse effect: Does the tail wag the dog? Supplementary Information

    Using a detailed atmospheric radiative transfer model, we derive macroscopic relationships of downwelling and outgoing longwave radiation which enable determining the partial derivatives thereof with respect to the explanatory variables that represent the greenhouse gases. We validate these macroscopic relationships using empirical formulae based on downwelling radiation data, commonly used in hydrology, and satellite data…

  • Moritz Büsing: Systematic Error in Global Temperatures due to Weather Station Ageing

    The white paint or white plastic of the housings of weather stations ages, which leads to increased absorption of solar radiation and to increased temperature measurements. This alone would be a small error. However, many different state-of-the-art homogenization algorithms repeatedly add this small value each time a weather station is renovated, renewed, or replaced, which…

  • Dai Ato: The Sea Surface Temperature Rules

    The impact of certain factors on the changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations has yet to be elucidated. In particular, the impacts of sea surface temperature (SST) on the balance of CO₂ emissions and absorption in the atmosphere and the human use of fossil fuels have not been rigorously compared. In this study, the…

  • Ian L K McNaugton: Temperature versus CO2 & Population Growth

    For many years, the scientific debate about the threat of rising global temperatures caused by rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has depended on estimation, homogenization, the use of anomalies rather than actuals, and complex computer modelling of key variables. This estimation process with its complexity leaves their broad conclusions open to challenge. This paper attempts…

  • Antero Ollila: The 2023 Record Temperatures

    Vol 4.1 According to the paradigm of the IPCC global warming is solely due to anthropogenic causes. Record-high temperatures have been measured for the summer months of 2023 and the anthropogenic climate drivers – mainly greenhouse gases – have been named as culprits. Simple analyses reveal that the temperature increase of the year 2023 cannot…